Preheat the oven (325F for low and slow or 425 for hot and fast).
Line a baking sheet with parchment paper (optional). Add the potatoes, carrots, oil, salt and pepper. Toss to coat, then spread out evenly on the pan, placing the potatoes cut-side-down.
Remove any giblets from your chicken. Tip your chicken over the trash can or sink or a bowl to pour out any liquid inside of the cavity.
Place the chicken on top of the veggies and use paper towels to pat dry all over (both sides). Season with salt (use about ¾ teaspoon per pound, about 1 tablespoon for a 4 lb bird) and plenty of black pepper on both sides. You want the chicken to be very well salted all over.
Place the chicken, breast-side-up, resting on top of the veggies. If you’d like, you can stuff the cavity with a quartered onion, half a lemon, and/or any herbs you want to get rid of. Pull the wings out so the tips are facing up. You can tie (truss) the legs together with twine or just leave them (I don’t bother).